Creating a Manual for Better Service, Safety and Employee Relations Essay

Creating a Manual for Better Service, Safety and Employee dealings - Essay ExampleThe need for an employee handbook became evident at the restaurant due to the high take of turnover among the wait staff and the cooks. It became apparent that many of the questions that refreshed employees had were not being addressed during the new employee training, and there was not always opportunity to explain things to them during the busy hours in the restaurant. What the new employees needed was a manual(a) that could be a ready reference with answers to frequently asked questions about cooking, serving, cleaning and customer service.The manual also needed to summarize policies concerning exercise-related issues such as paid leave, health benefits, sick days and effect reviews so employees that had acquired some longevity would always know what their rights and responsibilities were. Some skills developed in prior faculty member classes were utilized in this class. The theme in the manua l needed to be clear and concise.This was difficult to do. The more or less primal information in each category needed to be included, and nothing more. There wasa page and word limit that forced the language in the manual to be very direct. These constraints were determined upon the project by the print shop. The manual needed to be an asset form of pages with a particular(prenominal) page layout or the costs change magnitude dramatically. The word and page restrictions forced me to role writing and summarizing skills larn in prior academician courses. A business law class was face-saving in big(a) guidance when writing the section on employee rights.... The manual needed to be as set number of pages with a specific page layout or the costs increased dramatically. The word and page restrictions forced me to use writing and summarizing skills learned in prior academic courses. A business law class was helpful in giving guidance when writing the section on employee rights and benefits. This class assisted in writing in a manner that clearly spelled out rights and consequences for behaviors such as being late for work or not calling off when sick. Business law taught me that ambiguity in company policies could die to legal challenges and conflict (Lewin, 2001). Management courses also informed the overall tone of the manual. Managing through positive, enthusiastic lead was stressed in a few management related classes. As a result, attempts to interject untroubled humor and a feeling of light into the manual were taken as often as possible. The determination was to create a document that was accessible to the employees and a bit of fun to read. The only more important goal than this one was the desire to make the manual factual and fair. These skills learned in prior academic classes were very helpful during the practicum. The majority of learning happened as the task was being completed and interaction increased with the employees of the restauran t. Especially helpful in the process was an employee that was a teacher in a middle take aim for many years. She became interested in the project and spent much of the time advising on various ways. She know the value of the project and wanted to help. Her greatest sharing of knowledge dealt with the physical content and layout of the manual. She shared that individuals that grapple to read need manuals and books that are rich in graphics, pictures and charts that

Asian Popular Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Asian frequent Culture - Essay ExampleThis has an ultimate effect of developing the contemporary Asian general coatings in accordance with the Western values. The development demeans the identity and effects of the Asian Popular Culture. The democraticularity and significant effects of the Asian Popular Culture is evident in Asian countries that include Japan, Korea, China, among other nations (Fung 3-5). This paper defines how Asian goular culture relates to processes of regional integration and globalization.It is worth noting that the Asian Popular Culture has been growing in the termination two decades in East Asia through the advancements of cultural activities and commercial products in the regions. Indeed, the advancements in information engine room have fostered the growth of the communication and media sectors. This is clear in the increased production capacity of media cultures like pop music, TV production, films, and other theatric ventures in East Asia. Moreover, Asian pop culture is alive to the synchronization of the media culture markets, which fosters the processes of regional integration as the media culture markets are in different regions within the Asian continent. Indeed, more people in the region can now access information on Asian pop culture, which enhances the development of points of unity and integration. The development of the production capacity of media cultures like pop music, TV production, films, and other theatric ventures in East Asia allows many residents in the region to experience and identify with the characteristics of the Asian pop culture.Another saying that fosters unity and integration in the Asian region is the capacity of the media personalities from the region to carry out their activities crosswise the national borders. Indeed, producers, directors, actors, and operating capital apply in different nations across the region (Iwabuchi 1). In the upstart days, the media culture producers and directors have

Wind Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Wind Power - Essay employmentWorld is facing major vigour crisis due to the pollution attached to the precedely visible(prenominal) efficacy sources and applied science. The commitment to develop card-playing efficacy sources is forcing economies to develop sustainable and clean military force generation. Wind efficiency is a major source of clean power. It is important to mainstream this source of power as a clean alternative to support the power requirements.Use of wind as a reliable source of readiness for various purposes like navigation, pumping water, grinding grains, sawing etc. is evident from the historical times. Wind is one of the cleanest sources of energy available in the world.The science of power generation from wind is rather simple. Earth is made of different materials, distributed unevenly all over the space and hence it absorbs heat from the sun with variance. During day, air over the background aerofoil gets heated quickly than the air above water su rface. Heating causes expansion of air and hence it becomes barge and moves upwards and the heaver air replaces it causing wind. The process is reversed during night time, as air over the land surface gets cool quickly than the air above water surface. In simple words, wind is generated by movement of air between high pressure to low pressure area. In terms of energy flow, heat energy is converted into kinetic energy. doing of power from wind energy is quite interesti... Production of power from wind energy is quite provoke and it follows basic principles of energy conversion. Power is generated when the kinetic energy of the wind is converted to mechanical energy. This power could be used for generating electricity or power for rails machines etc. Hence, wind power could be used for many purposes.The present day wind machines uses blades to gull the kinetic energy from the wind. When wind strikes the blades of the machines, it slow down the wind by capturing its energy and thu s allows the blades to rotate. These blades are connected to a shaft at the centre which transfers its power to the electric generator to produce electricity. The interesting part is that in the entire process, thither is no pollution involves with the process. Wind power is a potence form of renewable energy which is available to humankind. Although it has a long history, this source of energy is not integrated due to lack of improved technology and huge production cost. Although developed much earlier, cheaper technologies were developed for power generation from alternate sources which alienated the use of wind power for commercial purposes. The cost factor had force this majorly.The major constrain of the wind power is the reliability factor as the power is generated only when there is wind. During lean period, one has to depend on other sources for power supply. This drawback makes it difficult for people to adopt this technology for daily use. The only alternative for this p roblem is to use other sources of power for the lean period. In the present scenario, energy is produced in the world from coal, crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas, nuclear, hydro, combustible renewables & waste etc. most(prenominal) of these sources are

Environment Case Information Technology Coursework

Environment Case Information Technology - Course earn ExampleTechnology is catching up with humanity. Microsoft (2010) canvass a business model called the hybrid organisation. It is a company designed to maximize their human resources through smart design of buildings, adopt a flexible approach to where work gets done, seek long-term goals rather than fill in short-term scorecards, and reject (or at least question) outmoded practices much(prenominal) as strict groups and roles. The findings indicate that the organisation is best positioned to take whatever the economy and other external stimuli had to throw at them. The case of Hydro-Quebecs radical IT management change in the last two decades is reflective of such case. More out of necessity, rather than choice, it restructured its IT Management to adapt to the new government rules and customer demands. Fortunately for them, they did it too soon and they did it successfully. Not only were they able to retain their leadership, t hey were also able to stay ahead of any affright in all its core businesses. IT Management is elevatedly affected by internal and external factors scarcely the two are often hard to segregate. Bullish Globalization Globalization refers to the increased integration and jointure of economy and society between countries that result to a better flow of international finance. By coal scuttle up markets, organizations get access to a variety of business products and services which allows them to have superior rivalrous position with lower operating approachs, to gain greater numbers of products and services. The end beneficiary is supposed to be the consumers. Hydro-Quebec experienced the first blow of globalization when the U.S. electricity market was deregulated, the Federal Energy Regulation care (FERC) required that companies wanting to sell electricity on the American market must open theirs to American suppliers. Their leadership on the production and distribution of electr icity in Quebec was threatened so they were forced to reorganize. They inflexible up five divisions Production, TransEnergie, Distribution, Equipement, Petrole et gaz, and Technologie et developpement industriel (Dube, Bernier, & Roy, 2007). Each division was responsible for its own profitability but they were still to work under the same company. They decided to set up Shared Services Centre (SSC), a whole responsible for the procurement and services as well as the IT department. They decided to keep 100 portion of their IT management and operations within the company. They didnt yet see the need to go out or outsource. Their business didnt go beyond Quebec and America anyway. Other companies didnt have that luxury. Procter & Gamble, DuPont, Cisco Systems, ABN Amro, Unilever, Rockwell Collins, and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals are some of the companies that enjoy the benefits of globalization. While they remain a US company, their manufacturing center, clinic operation, research and deve lopment, customer service, and Business move divisions are all in Asia (Engardio,2006). When labour cost is Asia is less than a twentieth of the labour cost in their home country (Bureau of Labor & Statistics, 2011), there really seems no other intelligent picking but to shift operation. There will be infrastructure changes, of course, like setting up high speed connection between countries, training new people, and buying new software but plane if you multiply those costs by two, you still wouldnt come close to the efficiency you will get. efficacy of Technology Accenture

Judiciary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

administration - Essay ExampleJudicial simplicity is the antonym of discriminative activism (Ringhand & Collins, 2010).The discussion between judiciary restraint and judicial activism started in the early days of the United States of America and has proceeded to the present. A human activity of renowned imperious Court justices such as John Marshall have supported the judicial activism view, the belief that its the role of the judges to chart new constitutional grounds as surface as use up bold policy decisions. Supporters of legal activists are to judicial restraint that supports that the judiciary should leave the policy conceptualisation and decisions making process to the executive and legislative branches (Ringhand & Collins, 2010).For decades, Republican Party leaders have decried judicial activism and championed for judicial restraint. Republican politicians have associated judicial restraint with a commitment to judicial deference, stating that judges who support jud icial activism disrespect the will of many people. The debate has continued to warrant close inspection as a result of the deployment of judicial activism by Republic politicians during the Supreme Court confirmation of Judge Sonia Sotomayor as well as in the 2008 presidential elections. The senators were utterly aghast that Sonias experience and background might fall her decisions and that she may be an activist. The Sotomayors emphasized that justices make no laws and policies but merely apply those laws that are in existence (Davis, 2009). It is uncontroversial to indicate that only chief Justice Scalia and Justice Roberts Alito and Thomas belong to the number of judges who are in the political circles of Republican. Justice Alito and Roberts were nominated by Bush and were considered Republican favorites. The twain were however not democrats favorites, and President Obama was not ready to vote

History J2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History J2 - Essay Exampleense moment of Christianity curtailment process came in the year 1635 as a result of the 1635 jurisprudences which forbid the Nipponese from any affiliation with foreigners especially the foreign missionaries. The Japanese people were forced to denounce Christianity through either payoff or punishment. The rewards included a high political role in the society while the punishment was essentially death and exquisite torture (Laver, 2011). The 1635 edict demanded for all incoming ships to be investigated for Christian priests before entering Japan. A reward was offered if any high ranking priest was located and presented to the authorities. Foreign ships which brought goods to Japan were investigated of any Christian influence. The Japanese citizens were forbidden from leaving or entering the country after staying in overseas for a large time. The Japanese authorities were thorough in their investigation of traces of Christianity. All these steps were focused towards the complete suppression of Christianity.Trade was immensely affected by the 1635 edicts. The Japanese natives were refrained from buying instanter goods from foreign ships. Goods that originated from foreign ships were bought directly from Nagasaki where Chinese merchants operated their businesses. All the Japanese currencies brought by foreign ships were distributed to local traders in cities. Direct trade mingled with the Japanese traders and foreigners ended in 1636 when the departure date for foreign ships was set on the 20th sidereal day of the 29th month. This day was set by the Japanese trade authority and included in the 1635 edict (Laver, 2011).The Japanese shoguns were affected by the 1635 edict as they were forbidden from leaving the country and interacting with the communities that were overseas. The Japanese shoguns that had travelled overseas were forbidden from entering the country as they were thought to have acquired foreign influence which was b asically loyal to Christianity and practiced the missionaries

Political science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Political science - Research write up Exampleossible for hyperglobalization to be fully-embraced by countries without negative consequences.This is because one way or another, there forget perpetually be clauses within foreign policies set by the WTO that can either be beneficial or detrimental to a countrys growth, of which it may be impossible to fully change or circumvent these policies in the countrys favor. In turn, the government has to choose among following the international policy at the cost of the economy and of the local market, or be subject to the sanctions imposed to countries when these ar unable to comply with international standards. Either way, unless governments are able to strike a balance between smart globalization and national democracy, it can be expected that local and international trade policies will always clash, and the government and its economy will bear the burden of its effects.Issues on hyperglobalization arose from incompatibilities between n ational matter to and of international policy implementation. The issues that arose from Argentinas economic problems in the 1990s were able to capture the aggregate of the inherent incompatibility of hyperglobalization with national democracy, wherein the over-reliance of politicians to tried-and-tested methods of maintaining economic growth became its downfall upon the crash of the Asian markets and the devaluation of neighboring brazils currency(185). Due to the reluctance of some politicians to change economic and trade laws that were considered obsolete even by then-standards, the crises that came about and resulted to the overvaluation of the Argentinian peso with respect to other neighboring countries made investments less profitable. This caused a large amount of capital to be pulled out from the country, which in turn cascaded into wider panic among citizens as much and more people pulled out their money from financial institutions and essentially reduced the monies cir culating and fueling the economy. The

How can a healthy balance of occupations be defined Dissertation

How prat a healthy balance of occupations be defined - Dissertation ExampleThe quest proposal go away abide a background and rationale for the think research. The problem will be discussed so that the intended research can be understood for its purpose. The second section of the proposal will provide aims and objectives for the intended research Finally, the third start up of the proposal will provide an intended methodology from which the subject field will be conducted in sanctify to provide some resolutions for the objectives. The overall proposal is intended to provide a framework for the intended dissertation on the topic of defining balance through and through rose-cheeked occupations. Background Occupational choices argon defined by Turner, Foster, and Johnson as either a moot commitment to enter an occupational role, acquire a new habit, or undertake a private project (27). They further the discussion about the definition of an occupational role through disclosur e that these roles are not always defined by an active choice, but are sometimes imposed upon an individual. An voice of this can be the role of head of the family. Occupations are most often seen as long marches endeavors which are separate from the concept of an activity which is more often seen in a short termination devotion to a task or purpose (Sumsion). Occupations are concerned with long term concepts that occupy diligence and effort towards goals which may be finite, but are more often sets of goals that continue send on through the occupational effort (Edmons). Creating a healthy balance of occupations concerns balancing the different elements of the roles that a psyche undertakes in order to assure that in pursuing these roles, a balance is essential in sustaining health and preventing illness. The World Health Organization or WHO suggests that in order to define well being i must look at the total universe of human life domains including physical, mental, and soci al aspects (Wilcock 310). In order to achieve harmony and balance, all aspects of human experience must be examined and assessed in order to provide the clarity that supports well-being (Lundy and Janes 546). A very important distinction that must be made during the study of balance of occupations is that between health and wellness. Health is defined by activities that lead toward well-being. While the terms can be overlapped, more often health is considered a state of physical being that is a part of the balance of a dynamic integration of mind, body, spirit, emotions, and environment (Velde and Wittman 69). Therefore in studying the balance of healthy occupations, the state of well-being must be taken into consideration. How roles are chosen and how they affect the aspects of the five aspects of wellness are relevant to the overall balance of those roles of occupation. The following factors should be taken into consideration when discussing balancing occupations a concern with a individual as a physical, thinking, emotional, spiritual, and social being who has a past, present and future, and who functions indoors physical and social environments a belief in intrinsic motivation - an innate predisposition to research and act on the environment and to use ones capacities a recognition of each person

What science is Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What science is - demonstrate ExampleScience is not rigidly hierarchical or absolute, and McComas argues that the word hypothesis should be changed to the more(prenominal) true word prediction.I could begin to define the nature of science by saying it is a way of knowing (a process of observing the world), and add that scientific knowledge changes over time, is based on theories, and involves individual human imagination and creativity (Lederman 1998). Science is based on observations of the natural world which stretch forth to generally proven theories. Although our understanding of the natural world can change, we should arrive at conclusions using the scientific method proposing hypotheses and proving or disproving them by experiments. There are no permanent conditions, because experiments sometimes lead to changes in the hypothesis, and no single set of assumptions works across all the sciences.Formulating and testing scientific ideas to come up with new knowledge demands dil igent collection of data and multiple experiments. Scientists ask questions, and knowledge gathered during the examination adds to societys knowledge bank. The learning experience itself becomes an imperative, just as important as work out the problem. There are always elements of uncertainty in scientific inquiry, but the knowledge derived from it is relatively authorized (Nickels, Nelson, and Beard 1996). As scientists examine the information placed before them, with a particular question in mind and armed with the tools of scientific inquiry, they must always remember that research could disprove their theories. They must stay on as objective as possible. They begin with questions, but should proceed to answer the questions using reliable methods accurate and thorough data collection and multiple experiments.Alters and Nelson (2002) also present a view of how science is taught and take a leak some shortcomings in the teaching of science. High school biology is often the

Costing of Zara Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Costing of Zara - Article illustrationEssentially, the main purpose of business is to generate profits. When the telephoner is in a position to generate to a greater extent revenue from its operations, that is if it is operating to potentiality, it is able to expand its operations. Growth of business in this particular case entails that the connection can employ more people which in turn helps to generate more revenue. This is very central in as far as sustainability in the unions long term operations are concerned.It can also be noted that for Zara to get going below capacity, it is a strong evil to its financial performance. Such companies invest large sums of money to set up manufacturing plants and they must operate higher up capacity to recover the money that has been invested in the first place. When the company has recovered the money that has been invested, it is in a position to generate surplus revenue commonly known as profit. Any viable company should be in a pos ition to generate profits from its operations. This can help the company to operate viably in the long run.The other disadvantage of operating below capacity is that the company may fount problems in terms of meeting the maintenance be of the equipment used in the manufacturing of fashionable clothes. A company that is operating below capacity is not able to meet all its operational costs as a result of the fact that it would be generating limited revenue. This means that the company may be strained to borrow from other financial institutions in order to sustain its operations in the event that the equipment has disjointed down. The company should be in a position to buy spares and meet other operational costs in the event that it has encountered some problems in its operations. This can only be possible if it is operating preceding(prenominal) capacity.To a certain extent, the only advantage that can be derived by Zara for operating below capacity is that it is in a

Good fences make good neighbors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Good fences make cheeseparing neighbors - Essay ExampleThe neighbor believes that a bouncing boundary betwixt the two farms can make them better neighbors as he feels that the erection of good walls or barriers would prevent both of his things getting across to the speakers farm thus preventing any future argument, though this makes no sense to the speaker as he says that, He is all pine and I am apple-orchard. My apple trees will never get across and expel the cones under his pines, I tell him. (23-25). The speaker asks a question that he answers himself, Whither there are cows? But here there are no cows, (30) The speaker believes that since the two of them do not rear cows that could eat up their pines or apples, there is no need for the erection of a wall. The neighbor still insists on his saying that, Good fences make good neighbors. (44) The neighbor believes so much in his fathers saying, while the speaker sees him as somebody with a dark-age mentality. To him, good neig hbors are the ones that have good fences between them, a good neighbor would not have any of his/her things interfering with their neighbors and to the neighbor, and it is save the erection of good fences that would make this possible.

Business - International Trade Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business - International Trade - Assignment ExampleA safe guard restrains international flock. In 2002, the United States imposed a safe guard against brace products, (China Trade Remedy, 2011). The United States switch Representative asked the US international occupation Commission (ITC) to begin an formalized safe guard investigation, under section 201 of the US cunning laws. The request intricate specifically inquire the ITC to check whether steel imports were causing injury to the home steel industry. This was under 612, HTS product categories, (China Trade Remedy, 2011). In October 2001, the ITC made an announcement to the effect that it had discovered that steel imports had to a significant extent, caused injury to the domestic steel industry. In December 2001, the ITC made an announcement to the effect that a safe guard is to be imposed. This involved a relook into safe guard tariffs and quotas, (China Trade Remedy, 2011). During this period of time, the USTR began re quested the US steel consuming industries and foreign steel exporters to start submitting petitions (China Trade Remedy, 2011). These petitions were meant to have their products removed from the upcoming safeguard. For this exclusion to be made they had to gratify the USTR demand to know whether the domestic steel production was insufficient for the country. Why nations in the WTO refuse dispose Dumping is an act of pricing that applies to international trade. ... It is a predatory give, which is highly condemned, by the world trade organization, (WTO, 2012). This does not mean its necessarily prohibited. It is one of the things, which can utterly destroy domestic industries wherefore it calls for manufacturers to act with restraint. When local industries are hurt, the country has a lesser ability to do trade at the international platform. Dumping is a concern to the nations in WTO because it is an extremely expensive act to maintain, (WTO, 2012). It can run many years for it to work. The export country needs to subsidize the product that is being dumped. This can substantially cause such a country to accumulate a large sovereign debt. It can make up end up hurting the other aspects of the domestic trade in the export country. The other ahead(p) demerit of this predatory practice is that, it provokes retaliation from the trade partner. This leads to trade tariffs and barriers. The nations that are involved in this condemned practice can, therefore, be censured by the WTO, (WTO, 2012). Dumping is rare, but when it happens, local manufacturers cannot avoid loses. This is because people buy the cheaper products. Are trade blocs recommended or not? A trading block is an agreement among governments whereby there is consensus to reduce or do away with tariffs and taxes that are imposed across the element states. These are sometimes referred to as free trade agreements, (Chase, 2005). They are simply intergovernmental trade pacts. Having trade blocs leads t o easy and free access of goods or services, (Doole & Lowe, 2008). This easily causes the member states to specialize, which leads to quality of services being improved or better goods being delivered. Besides, at the level of the region, trade agreements lead to a variety of

Essense of Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Essense of Music - Essay ExampleAs the investigate declares by demanding for an urgent negotiating agreement, the prologue asserts that the trade unions misdirected workers by highlighting an impression that the employees have common interests with the employers. The prologue urges the employees to craft an establishment of all members in any one industry, or in all industries. In addition, the prologue expounds, Instead of the standpat(prenominal) motto, A fair days pursue for a fair days work, we must inscribe on our banner the revolutionary watchword, Abolition of the wage system. According to the study findings the song Down in the Coal Mine Underneath the Ground is tuneful and perfectly done. Anyone admires a nicely done song. The first core reason why this song is outlay a listen many years into its future is the ingeniously crafted lyrics. The composer was careful enough to include the versatile stylistic elements that add to the aesthetic beauty of the song. For instanc e, the script writer adds alliteration, rhyme and repetition to enhance the accent and the message of the song. The script writer uses rhyme in these lyrics by using rhythmical words such(prenominal) as groundfoundround. Down in the coalmine, underneath the groundWhere a sheen of sunshine never can be foundDigging up the dusky diamonds all the appease round. The overall aesthetic beauty of the song is added by the message which promotes the ethical stand of work.

Read an article about Google Unveils App For Paying With Phone, and Essay

Read an obligate about Google Unveils App For Paying With Phone, and write your response - Essay ExampleFor now, this app allows the usage of cards issued by Citibank and a virtual card by Google, but Google is trying to incorporate the cards of other banks as well, as soon as possible. This technology can be used at 124,000 merchants in the US and 300,000 merchants orthogonal the US. Google has done what many firms adjudge been trying to do since years, the Mobile Wallet technology. One can be sure of the apps success, as it has been approved by many retailers and with its promotional offers and coupons, Google would leave no tables unturned. Google would overly collect some fee from the retailers every time this app is used by the customers, just like the tractile cards. Though this technology needs some time to see the light, Google has been engaging top brands to accept payments through and through this technology. The other attractions of this app comprise the loyalty point s and discounts that one can get using this app. On the other hand, controversies have already rounded this technology. PayPal has filed a suit against Google and a couple of its executives for the usage of PayPals trade secrets. condescension the positive and the negative aspects of the app, it is sure to come up with many other interesting features as well.

Why i want to become Nurse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why i want to become Nurse - Essay ExampleDoctors need nurses to deliver their optimum healthcare performance. Nurses schooling hard to prepare for this responsibility. Since nurses are important, their jobs are also important. Ein truth hospital can have as many nurses as they need. For that, nursing has become of those jobs that offer job security.Good salary. Since nursing is a very delicate job and it involves some peoples lives, it is a difficult job. Many people permit their lives be steered by a stranger who was trained to give the utmost care and compassion for a fellow human being. That training, that compassion, the difficulty and the responsibility of having another life in his hands is a cracking deal. Actually, the responsibility, duty and the workload for that job is priceless. But because of that, the wage has been translated to having a big salary. That makes nursing a stipendiary public life. Its a difficult job, but then it pays.Challenge. Nursing has a lot of challenges to offer a very curious mind. I am a person who loves to learn and I easily stay bored when things become too routine. Nursing offers a different day everyday as no day is ever the same There is never a dull moment in this career and as you get to move in different areas in the hospital, there is much to learn from impertinent skills to hot information. Nursing is a profession that would offer constant challenges for those who do not want to hinderance learning and improving.Nurses are also the best people that I have ever known. They are compassionate, diligent and empathic people. Not to mention that they are also the smartest and skilled people. I want to be oneness of them as they are experts and they are also humane.Being a nurse is a lifetime job and it sure is a difficult job. However, I am prepared for this responsibility. I love doing what nurses do I love being able to help with people, learning all the time. I like to have new skills and at the same time get paid for it. The job offers constant challenges

Diversity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Diversity - Assignment ExampleThe idea of diversity involves respect and recognition. This means champion needs to know that every individual is exceptional, and identifying our separate changes. In addition, it can be an aspect of race, origin, gender, internal placement, socio-economic status, age, corporal capabilities, spiritual opinions, political opinions, and other philosophies. This can be stated as a bailiwick of these alterations in a harmless, confident and developing situation. Moreover, it is all about getting along with one other and moving through unassuming open-mindedness taking on and socializing with the unlikely magnitudes of diversity limited within every individual. In the area of nursing practice, the building of diverse relationships can help to provide global and optimal health care for all people. There are so many things that people do not realize on the issue of diversity and one of the issues is that diversity covers much more than outwardly observ able variances. It is necessary to understand that for the purpose of promoting diversity in nursing practice people should recover that diversity creates an opportunity to support a big variety of cultural distinctiveness and nursing virtue using not only personal and professional development, but also inclusivity and stimulation to think in different ways and percept people with all their specific characteristics.

Transportation Paper Essay Example for Free

Transportation Paper EssayEvery date I go to mark a television I al miens cond a chain reactor of news about merchandise congestion or avocation virgules. Especially when I go to watch foreign channels, more or less of the snip the news was about calling incidents or super overburdened traffic. But on that points a lot of difference about the transportation in the US to other countries. For example in the Philippines, it is reciprocal on their unremarkable lives to have the situation like this as they go out on their field of operations they are expecting for a heavy traffic on their way. But in the US it is non common. I mean not all the time traffic is present in the US. There is only traffic if theres a special outcome or sometimes because of the unpredictable accident happened in the road.Some places in the Philippines have always traffic not because of special events or unpredictable accident but because of the road itself. For example some roads in the P hilippines were not well constructed and so it causes heavy traffic sometimes a great accident. maculation in the US road is not a problem, actually all roads are well-constructed, full cement and straight roads. So it rear endt cause any harm to the travelers or to any cars as well. But still even though the roads in the US were like these, it seems accident still present and problem to Ameri good deals. Its not only about the traffic congestion in the countries there are still a lot of problems.Some of these were the form of transportation itself. One of the biggest factors of transportation is the number of cars in a given place. some other great factors are the following way, street or any kind of thoroughfares. A certain hi-way can adapt a certain number of cars. For example theres a hi-way that can accommodate only 300,000-400,000 cars a day.But every time theres a special event people were full blast, for example if they want to have a vacation, an outing or any private family activities they prefer. And so with these matter roads cant accommodate that number of cars and so traffic congestion occurs. In the US theres no big problem compare to the Philippines. It is because roads in US were so big and wide that can accommodate a large number of cars there or maybe I can say almost half the numbers of cars there. Compare to the Philippines, roads can accommodate only a very limited number of cars a day and so traffic congestion occurs regularly.Another big factor in the transportation is the discipline of the cars drivers or possessor. Those drivers and sustainer of a car in the US were as discipline as they could. You can see it on news or maybe in some newspapers. And we can observe this also on our everyday lives. You can see that if theres problem or traffic congestion in US, you can observe that cars were on their proper line. They do obey roads and traffic rules or some occasion like that. While in the Philippines if we will go to observe th e process of their transportation, especially with this kind of problem. You will see that most of the drivers dont have a discipline. If theres traffic accident or traffic congestion, cars are not on their proper position or lines. Some are going this way some on that way. One thing is important for all the drivers and for some aspiring drivers in US or in the Philippines. chasten is what Im talking about. Discipline is the most important thing to have for all the drivers. After this is the skill you have in capricious. Of course its still important. Discipline in driving wont work without the ability to drive. Followed by of course unspoiledy in following rules and regulations in the roads. Some road rules or traffic rules or something like that. Whatever it is, drivers bring to obey this. Without all these solution we still cant prevent traffic congestion or something like these. Another thing for all the drivers in the Philippines dont forget to be deliberate in your driving. One day I heard news about this problem about driving after being drunk.It causes a lot of problem on that given place. Not only for the driver himself but more to others. And so accident is more prone to that kind of place because drivers dont took any care on their driving. In the same matter I dont hear a lot of things or problem like this in the US. Well maybe I call up maybe its because many people in the US were so busy and no time for some parties or something like this.But even with this situation in the US still be aware Americans not to happen this in the US. Well for your own sake and for others as well. Well to restart all on this essay maybe we can now prevent traffic congestions on our own country. US, Philippines or what country are you. Of course first we learn to be discipline. Also we need to be skillful in this kind of Profession-driving. We need to obey rules and regulations in the road. And of course we need to be honest in that matter. And lastly we need to be very careful in our driving. and in addition to this we need to be responsible in our action.Works CitedTraffic Congestion. National Service Training Program.1st ed. 2003

Everyday Hero Essay Example for Free

Everyday Hero EssayWhen I think of the word gun for hire, I think of the countless Spiderman figures lying at the bottom of my brothers toy chest, or eve Prince Charming rescuing Sleeping Beauty from her seemingly endless slumber. However, what usuall(a)y does not come to mind, are the square real life heroes that I believe posses higher superpowers than the Incredibles ever could. Though they do not have got the ability to fly or read minds, virtuoso way or another, these people have helped mortal in a tough situation. A true hero can be anyone from the firefighters at the mail to your older sister living in the room next door. They may have helped to save your life, or merely helped you get through your math homework last night. Whatever the case, one quality that all true heroes must possess is the ability to be an example of goodwill in the world. A hero will help someone because they want to, not because they have to. Though they are not perfect, no one is, a hero w ill continue to put others first when they know that it is most valuable to do so.Three years ago, my mother was diagnosed with breast cancer. The news came as an utter shock to everyone, considering the event that she was one of the healthiest and most active members of my family. She played tennis and practiced yoga at least four measure a week always ate healthy and organic foods, and on top of all this, in that location was barely any history of breast cancer on our family tree Though her case was not as bad as others, it still required her to undergo weeks of arduous chemotherapy and radiation. Through her darker days, she herself would be the one to calm me down and reassure me that everything would be okay. The night before my mothers surgery, I started to cry, stimulate and frustrated with what was happening around me.Though she was also frightened and anxious, my mother was the one to comfort me and explain that a plastic surgeon did not actually turn people into plas tic, as I had imagined. withal during her most bleak and miserable moments, she put everything aside and reached out to help me deal with her pain. For this, she is my hero. No, she is not Superwoman, or a firefighter,or even your everyday do-gooder but shes my mom, and that is good enough for me. This only goes to show that a seemingly ordinary woman can be a hero to someone in her own way. Heroes are everyday characters, and if you look hard enough you will find the hero in your own life. This I believe.

Tylenol Recall Essay Example for Free

Tylenol Recall EssayThe worldwide recall of the Tylenol harvest-time in light of discovering some samples having poison in them is most sure as shooting correct under the Utilitarian principle, which focuses on what provide be the greater good for the greater number. Obviously, when mankind lives ar at stake the greater good is almost always guaranteed to be whatever will pr train offt the loss of spiritedness.Granted, stockholders, stakeholders, patients, etc. were negatively effected for a short duration, and there were presumably several(prenominal) more stockholders and so on effected by the recall than there were potential deaths, but a company such as Johnson and Johnson has been able to maintain its positive image and consumer loyalty due to behaviors which are viewed as being morally responsible, so the short-term effects were likely minimal and exactly that short-term. An contend argument might be that the risks of any sympathetic life actually being lost was minimal, and that a random product sampling would have been enough to determine if indeed any other product had been contaminated, and therefore the product should NOT have been recalled, simply because the potential risk of loss of human life and the lawsuits sure to follow was less than the risk of dollars lost by the company, by the shareholders, by employees, suppliers, distributors, etc. whatever might argue this loss is far greater than any of the potential risks associated with the poisoned pills.However, once again to aver the Utilitarian principle, whatever is morally right is that which creates the most happiness, or overall good, for the larger number of people. Again, human death is something that is generally received as far more severe than the temporary loss of funds (which can be recovered). 15 human deaths in comparison to a loss of 15 million, even billion, dollars is far more significant in the minds of most people in our society.Especially for a consumer prod uct (and not for any greater purpose, such as the freedom of our country which leads to casualties of war), there is no level of acceptable loss of human life in the interest of saving a large potentiometer some money. The perseverance of human life produces greater happiness with the public, which also reinstalls faith in a morally responsible company such as Johnson and Johnson, which allows them to fairly easily recover any gain losses, which puts all the stockholders and others effected by it right back on a level playing field. And no lives were lost. By Utilitarian principles, everyone in this situation wins.

Importance of Xylem and Phloem Tissues Essay Example for Free

Importance of Xylem and Phloem Tissues EssayThe primary xylem and primary phloem tissues be pushed home(a)most into the pith and outwards respectively by the continuous production of substitute(prenominal) tissues cut I onward by the cambium take a hop. The primary xylem is gradually pushed inward and is found at the centre of the axis whereas, the primary phloem, organism soft in nature, gets completely crushed. These activities in the stelar region exert a great pressure outwardly. The pallium cells, the pericycle and the epidermis divide anticlinally to cope with the production of tissues in the stelar region. Formation of yearbook ring or step-up ring The activity of the cambium ring is under the control of series of physiological and environmental factors. For example, in rally the cambium becomes more active and frames a greater number of vessels with wider cavities. In winter, the temperature is low due to which the cambium also becomes slight active and forms n arrow pitted vessels, tracheids and timber fibers. The xylem ( woods) formed during the spring is know as spring wood or early wood and which is formed in winter is called autumn wood or late wood.The spring wood is lighter in color and exhibits low density where as the autumn (or winter) wood is darker and has higher density. These two kinds of wood appear together, in a transverse section of the stem, as a concentric ring known as the one-year ring or growth ring. Successive annual rings argon formed year after year by the activity of the cambium. Each annual ring corresponds to one years growth. and so one can estimate the age of plant to or so degree of accuracy by counting the total number of annual rings. Annual rings are readily seen with naked eye in the logs of a tree trunk.Heart-wood and sap-wood In old trees, the greater small-arm of the secondary wood is filled up with tannins resins, gums, essential oils, etc. , which make it hard and durable. It looks dark or bro wn. This region is known as heart-wood. The heart wood gives mechanical support to the stem. The outer region of the secondary wood is of lighter color and is known as sap-wood or alburnum. It helps in conduction of water and mineral salts from the root to the leaf. (B) Secondary growth in extra-stelar region Secondary growth in the extra star(p) region occurs to cope with the appendix of tissues in the stellar region.It occurs in the cortex and helps in the formation of periderm. It occurs by the formation and activities of a secondary meristem called shilling cambium or phellogen. Origin and activity of the secure-cambium or phellogen Due to the addition of secondary phloem and secondary xylem elements, the outermost layer of the cortex becomes highly stretched and may crack open. During this touch a few layers of meristematic tissue arise in the cortex. This is called the cork cambium or phellogen.The nature of cambium is secondary. Commonly it arises in the outer layers of the cortex i. . hypodermis. It may also arise in the epidermis itself, or in the inner layers of the cortex, or even in the pericycle. The cork combium consists of narrow, thin-walled and roughly rectangular cells. It is of few layers in thickness. The cork cambium cuts of cells on both the sides and secondary cortex on the inner. The cells of the secondary cortex are parenchymatous in nature and ofttimes contain chloroplast. Cork The new cells cut off by the cork-cambium on its outer side are rough rectangular and soon become suberized. They form the cork of the plant.Cork cells are dead, suberized, thick-walled and brown in color. They are arranged in radial rows being suberized, cork is impervious to halo and water. amours of Crock (i)It acts as a waterproof covering to the stem (ii) It also protects the plant against the attacks of parasitic fungi, (iii) Cork cells, being dead and empty, containing air only, are bad conductors of heat.This being so, a sudden variety in away temperature does not affect the inside tissues of the plant (IV) Cork is also made use of by the plant for the healing of wounds. The bottle cork is obtained from the cork cells of Quercus suber. ) Bark In restricted sense, all the dead tissues lying outside the active cork cambium constitute the bark of the plant. It, therefore, includes the epidermis, the lenticels and cork, and sometimes also hypodermis and a portion of the cortex depending on the position of the cork-cambium. Thus the deeper the origin of the cork-cambium, the thicker would be the bark. The term bark in a wider since is used to describe all tissues outside the vascular cambium of the stem.Phellem, phelloderm and phellogen layers are collectively called periderm. Thus periderm is a protective multilayered structure of secondary origin. On the home of function, two types of barks are distinguished- ring barks and scale bark. When the cork cambium appears in the form of a complete ring the bark that is formed com es away in a sheet such a bark is known as the ring bark as in Betula. When the cork-combium appears in strips the resulting bark comes away in the form of scales such a bark is known as the scale bark as in (guava) Psidium. Function of barkThe bark protects the inner tissues (i) against the attack of fungi and insects (ii) against loss of water by evaporation and (iii) against variation of external temperature. Lenticels These are small aerating pores formed in the bark of stems through which gaseous exchange takes place. externally they appear as scars or raised portions on the surface of stems. Lenticels are first formed downstairs the stomata. A section through one of the scars shows that the lenticels consists of a loose mass of small thin walled cells called complementary cells or filling tissue.

Recognizing Organizational Culture in Managing Change Essay Example for Free

Recognizing Organizational Culture in Managing Change EssayIn coiffure to ask lots of questions about the order of the social system, that is to say, the ring conditions of the organization on its ability to uplift up like a towel and gain contrivance of impertinently things, a having to do with pass judgment out. The quality of things without measuring them with numbers research was carried out to define the measuring tool for the most all- grand(a) things of this particular of surrounding conditions for the recognition and acceptance of e- acquirement in teachers or professors(Bu Divjak, 2016). In the reading of devices that make music, the examples of the development of devices that make music were used that are designed only for research in information intelligences, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as for example, the development of a measuring instrument for evaluating the performance of e-Portfolio.It is generally admitted to that informational change benefits fro m a supportive surrounding condition. Cultural influences are a key issue when thinking about the subterfuge of new things and change processes. Organizational culture is a key factor that influences instructional inventions of new things that the triumph of any something big and important that changes peoples thinking or lives effort may hygienic depend on the extent to which organizational culture issues can be talked to(Zhu Engels, 2014). Previous research has examined the influence of organizational culture on organizational inventions of new things. Studies point to new things is most likely to receive in organizations that have integrative structures draw attention to many different kinds of people or things, and team effort and team convey. Yet the findings of the previous research are mixed with little believable information that proves something related to the role of specific organizational culture features in adopting instructional invention of new things in college. Students who list to a related to school and learning library meet with a variety of spaces that influence their learning and behavior. The library has two types of spaces which are shared and social. Shared spaces are places where students are involved in single, unwearying with schoolwork, and thoughtful study surrounded by other students. Students work at group and noisy work with other students in social spaces. The inclination of library spaces for different types for different student needs and supports the idea which is that students need separate spaces for the types of learning and behavior connected with the ability to create interesting new things and invention of new things (Bieraugel Neill, 2017). Ideas of library space when designing learning spaces in a library is extremely important to think about what types of behavior the design will bring out. Library design, as seen through the genus Lens of the science of nerves and the brain, is interesting and suggests/sa ys that library space is just like productive research surrounding conditions in helping the ability to create interesting new things and invention of new things. Bennett notes that Google, Twitter, Facebook, and other companies in any case aim to create productive research surrounding conditions within settings to help grow invention of new things and critical thinking be it in the lobby or a quiet corner.Environmental education can help increase problem-solving skills, very important thinking and action-oriented in relation to central and pragmatical problems that are combined in nature(Fauville, Lantz-Andersson, Slj, 2014). Co-operative processes of question or investigation into an action on in truth related to surrounding conditions or the health of the Earth issues where students should be put in the position of agile thinkers prepared to act in response to issues in partnership with fellow students. Such learning in like manner involves understanding how to approach, pl an and analyze complex issues and where to turn for clearly connected or related knowledge, and not only the reproduction of what is already known although in different difference fields of study. In such settings, student-active and problem-based instructional approaches have been argued as providing a good big picture in which to develop knowledge. So, the science of teaching and way of thinking behind environmental education can be thought of as challenging traditional approaches to schooling, which focus on learning of true knowledge presented in the classroom by the teacher in order to solve problems with an already existing, single and correct solution. Traditional education is overly highly broken-up in terms of fields of study and is based on abstract problems, with students put in the rather allowing something to happen without reacting or trying to stop it a position of simply reproducing information and ideal procedures.

Intergenerational Family Violence Essay Example for Free

Intergenerational Family military group EssayThe family effect has taken a new toll in the current times. The family violence has do very common indeed and the number of offenders in these crimes has increased far beyond the reach. The cases originate on daily basis and the statistics show that most of the times victims are females who are physically and psychological ill-treated in different ways. In these scenarios it has been observed that these imports feat much more damage to the pincerren who watch these planets often. The babe abuse on the other hand has as well wrick debatable as the cases increase. The intergenerational family violence big businessman not deplete been studied before but it has always been available to study whenever in that respect is an event of family violence. The human nature is based on social cultivation scheme. It is the human tendency to watch the ports and consequently generate to implement in their personalities (Murrell et al, 2007).Behaviorists go for put forward the supposition that the social learning theory is applicable only when if it triggers a qualify in the behavior of the observer whereas the theorists say that the learning carry through is an ever going process and it is not incomplete if it doesnt cause any change in the behavior (Kernsmith, 2006). Whatever the theorists and behaviorists state about the social learning theory, it is evident that the observations of these events cause damage to the prox lives of those who watch these family violence events.Postmodern thinking supports these claims, stating that individuals create the social reality for their behavior according to how they experience norms in particular milieus (Markward, 1997). Child abuse has different effects on the victims. Some children after these events become reserve and some become ruffianly. Even also watching the abusing of their mothers in front of them creates a disallow notion in their sound judgment s about the realities of life (Pollak, 2004). This is the learning process as described by the theorists.The observations do by child make a deep daze on the mind intentionally or unintentionally. Sometimes the accomplishment doesnt come right after the observation. It is dependent about the mental capacity of the individual on how much extreme extent he has to formalize his mind towards these events. still for certain the mind is working as the interpretation process continues from time to time (Kernsmith, 2006). In order to cause change the mind works in such a way to determine how much impact such event has made.For example, regular abusing observations might make the child to become barbarian at times, even if he is not unpeaceful the aggregation of emotions might be taking place in his mind which makes him to quiver reserved to the situations from time to time. A time comes when the mentality of the child becomes harnessed by the violent activities and he also starts to become violent at times (Corvo, 2006). and so the change has been triggered in the behavior of the child after looking at these abusing events continuously.This makes the situation awful not only for the child because by this way they cause different violent activities and the victims may increase in numbers depending upon the strength of activities (Pollak, 2004). The violent psychology taken forward by the children has been creating lot of issues. The US population is filled with those who have tensions heavy(a) up in their households due to different financial and emotionally problems (Kernsmith, 2006).These usually end up competitiveness and one of them getting beaten. The children also come down in the impact of these fighting resulting in languish term future damage to their lives. The behaviorists say that the children have a tendency to attract to those thing quickly which make a deep impact on their mind and heart. They are emotionally immature at early stages and an action like abusing them or their parents can increase their interest towards these activities (Murrell et al, 2007).It has also been observed that the continuous family violence has been exhibited by those who have gone through this violence before in their lives when they were young (Corvo, 2006). Thus an event like this happening in their early lives bring home the bacons them the luxury to be like them in the future as they commit family violence by abusing their children and their spouses. Many researchers have observed a relation surrounded by the events happening in an early age of a young one when he experienced violence and those offences which he committed when he was adult.This phenomenon is now known as intergenerational transmission of violence and aggression. Researchers believe that the warning of social learning theory makes its mark by providing the model to the child as he also sees the positive results due to this violence (Kernsmith, 2006). Most often the r esult of abusing her mother by her father results in the victory of the father due to his aggressive attitude and then therefore inherits these positive results to implement them in his behavior.Learning theories, such as socializing, social learning, and elements of feminist theory, asserts that behaviors are learned throughout our lives through our interactions with others. This is how the socialization then gets affected by the family violence as it is then exhibited outside the homes (Corvo, 2006). The social learning theory is based on the study of behaviors. With change in behaviors the extremism of these violent acts can be configured by the child as he observes all these events.When we critically evaluate the works of the researchers we come to know that there theories are practical and are very close to reality. That is, formally it was believed that the social learning theory doesnt have any impact on the childs behaviors and how he interprets different things and scenari os differently. These theories are hitherto were thought to be just taught in the classrooms without any practical implementations to be viewed. But certain examples with results have provided the evidence that each and every action is based on some behavior and behavioral change in the children.Alan Sears has been the follower of the social learning theory and he stated the change to be indispensable in each case. It, however, depends upon the current and future scenarios when the person feels the extreme need to behave in a particular order. According to Hume Locks theory of empiricism the child mind is a blank slate after he is born. He just starts to observe things when his mind becomes little bit old. But still the child doesnt have any ability to differentiate between the things quickly.He runner acknowledges difference between things and then tries to remember them. The object of family violence plays its part when the child starts to learn these behaviors and try to comp are them with others in contexts of their results. This learning process binds these actions in his mind and produce intimidation. The intimidation is considered as the rede of something to do. This urge is the force that drives the child to implement those actions which he had learnt over time and time. Now when this intimidation gets extreme, the action follows (Pollak, 2004).The strength of the action will be less at offset but the result might be satisfying for him thus providing him the strength to commit this again. These continuous steps will make the child habitual of these things and the interpretation of things and difference between good and bad become ineligible in the mental stature of the child. The intimidation process is then followed by reinforcement. The reinforcement is the final phase of the social learning theory where the mind of the person has become mature enough to stand by his rules and principles and actions which he first observed and then followed over the course of his.The string of these events has made the mind to do violent as a good act and the maturity of the man accepts these actions as inevitable to bring about a change in others as well. In order to clearly view the reasons of these violent activities we have to go through a number of research steps through the prison record checks and the information provided by various NGOs. This information depicts the facts that the family violence is caused by difference in mental statures of the two who are involved.The grammatical gender differences, the act of domination by male on his spouse, the financial and emotionally tensions and the mentality of the person of his childishness when he would have experienced such event and would have thought that it will be dampen off to get aggressive and make people agree by force rather than negotiations, thus providing a lot easier battleground to them to conquer (Pollak, 2004). The intergenerational transmission of family violence has made the problems to arise in solely of the America. There are very common cases of these events taking place on common basis.People get hurt physically without any reasons and the innocent children who grow up by being abused or watching get people abused try to implement these behaviors afterwards. In order to remove these kinds of violent activities it is imperative that the laws should be made more severe for those who are adult and also they have to provide a facility where they can control their aggression and should be treated for the change in behaviors. The children which have been affected by these events should be taken in for great care as to change their flesh of thinking process which could benefit them in their future lives.References Murrell, Amy R. Christoff, Karen A. Henning, Kris R. (2007). Characteristics of Domestic Violence Offenders Associations with Childhood moving picture to Violence. Springer Science + Business Media. Corvo, Kenneth. (2006). Violence, Separation, and Loss in the Families of Origin of Domestically Violent Men. Kernsmith, Poco. (2006). Gender Differences in the Impact of Family of Origin Violence on Perpetrators of Domestic Violence. Pollak, Robert A. (2004). An Intergenerational Model of Violence. Springer Verlag.

Understanding Prejudice Essay Example for Free

accord Prejudice EssayWhat exactly is the meaning of prejudice, and what does being prejudiced mean? Prejudice is a sorry word with a genuinely deep meaning. Indeed, a fortune of deal may not distinguish the true sense of it and how it affects mess in the society. People live in a world that is unspoilt of prejudice. It is considered as unrivaled of the negative social phenomenons and one of the main sources of problems in the world. Prejudice denotes making or predisposition to make a decision or judgment before one mothers aw be of the pertinent truth of a certain case or scenario. For instance, mint may have heard other(a)s give tongue to things about a certain group of individuals much(prenominal) as both black people are. , all white people are. , people in third world countries are, and so forth (Breen, 2006). People may think that prejudice only refers to racial prejudice that is usually directed towards people with light or dark skin. However, I have lear ned that prejudice has a deeper meaning than favouritism against people of a certain race or color.Rather, prejudice dirty dog likewise be a result of ones gender and geographical, religious, and cultural backgrounds. Every person also has his or her knowledge way of being prejudiced. For example, one can judge somebody by the way he or she dresses and talks or even by his or her appearance. Thus, prejudice can come from different sources such as peers, parents, cultivate, and public organization. At the same time, it can also be directed to various types of people. in that respect are also many different kinds of prejudice that live in our society today.Some of them may be observed in school, at home, or even in the television. For this reason, discrimination, racism, sexism, and other forms of social problems exist in the world we live in. Hence, it is not fair and also very sad that prejudice is a widely pervasive phenomenon in the world. (Breen, 2006). It is always inevita ble to become prejudiced. There are a lot of reasons why people become prejudiced. It is a fact that one can learn it from home parents frequently do not recognize that they are being an example to their children.If parents are prejudiced, then it is most belike that the child will also become one because that is what he or she observes from his or her parents. Children may also become prejudiced if parents directly teach or tell the former to perceive somebody or some things in the society in a certain way. That is why at a very young age, many children start to become prejudiced already and start to judge people and things by what they believe and think of them. They also become prejudiced due to the environment that they grow up in, the school and the neighborhood that they get involved in or witnesses.The media also plays a role in influencing people to become prejudiced. The effect on prejudice of television shows and films is very substantial. There are just so many ways on how people can become prejudiced, and it is very alarming that it has become one common source of misunderstandings, fights, and disputes all over the world (Breen, 2006). It is very hard to stop prejudice however, it can be lessened if people would try not to be judgmental on simple things that they keep in line and observe in their environment.Proper or right education must be imposed to children especially at home and in school in order to stop prejudice and so that people will eventually look at one another without making negative judgments. On the other top, it would be very difficult to stop this social phenomenon as prejudice has become already dissolve of the society. In conclusion, prejudice is an attitude that is based on generalizations and stereotypes. It is very astounding how easy it is for an individual to become prejudiced on somebody or something.Nevertheless, prejudice is merely a kind of thinking or a feeling in an individuals mind. While people will never rev oke the existence of prejudice in the society, it can be lessened and prevented if everyone will just start to support and make an effort in reducing it. I believe that working hand in hand toward a common objective or goal can bring different groups of people all together, regardless of their age, race and sex.ReferenceBreen, R. (2006). Real Life Issues Prejudice. Great Britain Trotman Company Limited.

Can Technology Dehumanize Our Society Essay Example for Free

Can applied science Dehumanize Our Society EssayTechnology can dehumanize our society including our school/s. Its because in the advancement and modernization of things which to be manipulated by the good deal(gadgets and so forth ), life has to be somehow be convenient and easier but we should also look on the case that technology can remove skills and qualities of people in dealing with things around them and they wont find any alternatives or options if technology is al moods present.For instance, in school/s, particularly in a classroom setting, if totally of the students have their own personal computers, they will rely and be much independent through visit websites that could provide answers on their research given by their teacher, the negative result of this is that, yes, they surely easily addition information by just clicking one at a time but the traditional way of finding and acquiring information from books(more accurate information than those of the websites) or any reading materials that could somehow evolve their reading skills is already gone. Indolence and laziness may occur also. The negative result of technology is that people will just have to sit all day long and will have to be dependent on technology. As ive heard also, some people are just infront of their laptops having thisonline schooling and if you could achieve the length of time needed, youll be having/ given a diploma . For me, of course it isnt bad but the shopping mall of formal schooling(attending school. being evaluated and monitored by a mentor is already gone). Despite of all the advancement of technology, we became a society of indolent people relying so much on it.

Ethical Dimensions of Preparing Two Financial Reports Essay Example for Free

estimable Dimensions of Preparing Two Financial Reports EssayEthical dimensions of financial accounting with respect to keeping of two sets of records, one for inherent purposes only and the other for internal taxation purposes. Financial accounting, as stated by Garrison, is concerned with providing information those people outside an organization. This includes grooming of financial reports showing the participations past financial performance which will be the introduction for additional investments for stockholders, capacity to pay off loans for creditors or banks, imposing correct government taxes as mandated by law, etc. Financial reports, therefore, should be done accurately and with utmost truthfulness to avoid misconstruction due(p) to omission or misstatement as stated in the International Federation of Accountants Code of morality. However, there be some who do non conform to this Code. Some companies practice preparation of two sets of financial reports at t he end of the fiscal year, one for internal purpose and the other to be used and submitted for internal taxation purpose. Usually, if the comp both would like to attract additional investments from its stockholders, incomes are bloated.On the other hand, to avoid paying gamey taxes or even pay no taxes at all, financial statements are manipulated to reflect a refuse or negative net income, which will be the basis for the computation of the taxes to be paid by the company. Whether for stockholders or for taxation, I strongly condemn such practice. This does not only violate the Code of Ethics of IFAC, such practice, if done continually, could even be a attempt of the eventual downfall of any company due to loss of its credibility and integrity.Thus, there exist major financial scandals that lead to collapse of commerce giants like what happened to ENRON. Further, leaders of the company may suffer from huge penalties or even jail terms, if prove guilty of violating the code. Sadl y, our countrys system on taxation and how the government use, or should I say, deprave collected taxes opens a lot of controversies and issues, which is being used by some companies to justify the practice of preparing a different financial report for taxation purpose.Corruption and issues on tax evasion by swelled companies are only a few examples why some companies validate this act. Corporate governance, as they say, should start first with the government, ethical behavior should be practiced first by our government leaders. This is the main safari of incumbent President PNoy. The Code of Ethics on Integrity Rules states A member must not make, prepare, or certify, or permit or direct another person to make, prepare or certify, any statement which the member knows, believes or ought to

Distribution Channel And Parle Essay Example for Free

Distribution Channel And Parle actIntroductionThe bread and biscuits constitutes the largest segments of consumer foods in India. Both Biscuits and Bread be items of mass consumption in our Country. most 2 million tons of biscuits ar produced in India each year and consumption is growing at 10-12 per cent annually. The per capitaconsumption of biscuits in the country is about 1.52 kg annually. Contrary to popular belief that biscuits be consumed by the middle and high income groups, it is actually the save nutritious and hygienic food product for children, subvert income groups and the rural population. Nearly 50 per cent of biscuits produced are consumed in rural areas and 30 per cent by income groups earning below Rs 750 per month.Every 100 gm of glucose biscuits roughly provides 20 per cent of energy, protein and calcium required by an average adult. So as to explore the opportunities in these sectors, a large no. of companies is trying to ontogenesis their consumer base in these areas. For this they are offering mingled progressal schemes in order to make their stain familiar to consumers and to have a Competitive edge. Parle G Industries has made a rapid progress in the variety, quality and quantity of biscuits and baked foods and has become Indias biggest brands and the preeminent food brand of the country. It is equally recognize for its innovative approach to products and marketing. The political partys offerings are spread across the spectrum with products ranging from the healthy and economical.About the telephonerIn 1929 a small company by the name of Parle products emerged in British dominated India.The cloaked was to spread joy and cheer to children and adults alike, all over the country with its sweets and trampdies. The company knew that it wouldnt be an weak task, but they decided to take the brave step. A small itemory was set up in the suburbs of Mumbai, to manufacture sweets and toffees. The Parle brand became well kn own in India following(a) the success of products such as the Parle-G biscuits and Thums Up soft drink. The original Parle order was split into three separate companiesParle ProductsParle AgroParle BisleriToday, the great strength of Parle Products is the extremely widespread dispersion entanglement. Even at the remotest places, you can buy Parle biscuits and sweets from the local grocer. It has taken years to create this capacious network. Parles sales force started with one salesman in Bombay and some agents in few other cities. Gradually, Parle Products expanded. currently sweets and biscuits were being sent by rail to Calcutta, Delhi, Karachi, Madras and other major cities. As production increased, distribution was amplified. well(p) time salesmen were appointed in different areas. Currently, Parle Products has over 33, 00,000 distribution outlets.Distribution Channel Network of Parle-G intensifier Distribution- Parle uses, Intensive Distribution for Parle G. This is the ideal strategy for the market leader as intensive distribution has the following advantages Increases coverage and sales.Increases product availability.Encourages retailers to compete aggressive.Higher competition leads to narrower margins for the retails hence, increases the ultimate margin for the manufacturer.Channel members of the distribution network The Parle distribution network for biscuits has essentially four levels as enlisted below Parle DepotsWholesalers and DistributersCarry Forward Agents (if required)RetailersChannel members and logistics Parle has near 1500 wholesalers, catering to 425000 retail outlets directly or indirectly. A two hundred gruelling dedicated sports stadium force services these wholesalers and retailers. Additionally, there are 31 depots and Carry and Forward agents generateing goods to the wide distribution network. Parle has level 1, level 2, level 3 distribution pedigrees levels. Level1- Availability at all departmental stores across the le ngth and breadth of the country. Level2- Channel exists for customers scattered throughout the country. Level3-Mass consumption and suitable for National and global coverage.Channel Dynamics Parle has a multi- argumentation marketing system since it uses more than two marketing channels to relate all its customer segments.Parle Distribution Network LogisticsSelection of Channel Members Parle takes into consideration a host of factors fleck selecting the channel members. This is because it believes that selection of channel members is a long run decision and the rest of the decision regarding the supply chain depends upon the efficiency and coverage by the channel members. The following are the host of factors considered by the company in selecting the channel members Authentication is required by the regarding the identity of the channel members, which includes the name and address, photograph of the location. confirmation of solvency which requires name and address of the chann el members bankers Safety of the inventory, which means that the distributor/ dealer should depict the stock of the company insured. Inventory or the perishable goods kept by the distributor/ dealer should be in good condition which means a detail of storage space and Refrigeration knack is to be provided. Details of the delivery vehicle, which includes the following.1. Light Commercial Vehicles2. Matador3. 3 Wheeler forefront4. Tricycle Van and Hand/Push cart.5. The number and model of each of the vehicle needs to be render to the company. Company acknowledges the fact that it needs to be sensitive to the market demands. For this it requires that a number of salesmen needs to be inaugurate on the field. The salesmen too are divided into various categories like1. The Field salesmen2. Counter salesmenThe details of clerical Staff and labour are to be provided. The technical competence of the salesmen needs to be mentioned. Details of the various products of other companies that t he channel member keeps have to beprovided. The following also need to be furnished with the above 1. The annual sales of these products have to be mentioned. 2. Details of complementary products and product lines need to be mentioned. Dealers of the company must carry a good reputation. This is ascribable to the fact that Parle believes that the reputation of the dealer affects the disdain in the long run. Market coverage by the distributors needs to be defined which includes details of geographic coverage and Outlets per market area. The company also requires the dealers to furnish any Advertising and Sales initiative undertaken by them on behalf of the company.Channel Members of the Parle Distribution Networka) DistributorsOne of the main factors, which keep the distributors motivated, is the margin. Usually the margins offered by Parle are 8%. Now-a-days it has been raised to 8.5%. Volume wise this comes out to be a big figure since Parles product has a good demand in the mark et. However compared to the other companies the margins are still put down since the new players in the market offer a much higher margin. But the very fact that Parles products have good demand in the market motivates the distributors to stock it. Parle Products being a concerted can non afford to give heavy monetary incentives. Parles products are considered to be value for money since the company does not believe in charging high margins. In fact all monetary incentives are just the sententious run means to promote the companys product.b) The RetailersTrade schemes these are undertaken by the company only for the hard selling items. Glow boards the company puts up glow boards at the retailer and pays the major put of the cost. Schedule of the salesmen they provide the retails with this schedule so the retailers can pre -estimate the quantities of the various products needed. Infrastructure facilitation the company facilitates the retailers to buy better-looking stalls by for mulating an easy payment program and a commitment to buy back the equipment at a reasonable price when the value of the equipment has depreciated.Distribution Channel and ParleThe companys strength is in the procurement of raw materials and essentially not the distribution of its product. Even though Parle is the market leader in biscuits. But, distribution logistics is the industrys main problem. While the other companies fail to replenish demand due to lack in procurement of rawmaterial, Parles inventory management is sound. Parle has loyal cooperatives that provide products only to them, over time the kin of trust has built up with these people that Parle leverages now. The transport channel is another strong point for Parle. As these transporters have grown with the company overtime the bonding with them enables the company to give to the lowest degree margins when it comes to the distributors in the industry, lowering the costs.Parle believes that there is an ongoing demand i n the market and therefore no promotions are needed to increase the sales, also the fact this would affect the cost of the product the company doesntundertake many promotion schemes. Parle is able to provide products at the least price in the industry, and is able to give least channel margins as the channel members earn through volumes and not through high margins. The company has been able to come to its new products into the market by hooking them onto the fast moving products like Parle butter bite. Because of the strong relationship that Parle shares with the constituent channel members, it forces the channel members to carry all its new products.Suggestions for Distribution ChannelThe following are the suggestions that Parle can implement to better its distribution channels Increase the margins In order to motivate the channel members it is also very essential for the company to increase the margins for the hard selling items. Pushcarts These should be increased in number in order to increase the market reach (especially the rural market). This can provide with a very effective channel. Parle should also go in for Parle Zones It is primarily for big city retail outlets. here(predicate) all the Parle products can be stalked. This can be an effective mode of umbrella marketing. This strategy can be implemented in regions where the footfalls are large in number. The advantages of this alternative channel would be as follows1. Full range display.2. Easier to promote new products.3. Easy to push impulse purchase products.4. The Parle Brand twist exercise will be enhanced.

Downsizing Strategy Is Being Used Management Essay

Downsizing Strategy Is Being Used Management examineGiven the issues relating to this research field ar introduced and research objectives be a carewise be proposed c befully in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, the researcher would like to continuous introduces the concepts, renderings and theories relevant to the issues that already mentioned in Chapter 1, through that, Chapter 2 pull up s proceedss translate and build research hypothesis for research. Basicall(a)y, Chapter 2 includes the main lineaments as follows (1) The definition of retrenchment, (2) The definition of Survivors Syndrome, (3) The research hypothesis (4) Chapter summary.Definition of DownsizingIn the economic consideration of continuos competitive, developing, changing and unpredictable, arrangements suffering punishing downturns in their business or facing difficulties, curtailment scheme is being used by m each another(prenominal) an(prenominal) giving medications in every industries and sectors with d ifferent goals and visions, their knowledge regarding the implementation of the suppression policy difficult down their face too be different. in that respect is not a single curtailment definition accepted by all researchers (Davis, Savage, Steward Chapman, 2003). There are more different definitions or sagaciousness astir(predicate) downsizing, for example Cameron, (1994194) defines downsizing as a positive and purposive strategy for organizations a set of organisational activities undertaken on the vocalisation of management of an organization and designed to improve organisational efficiency, productiveness, and/or competitiveness. Businesses for a extensive time that no wideer considered downsizing as a situation solution in the hard time catch, only when they considered downsizing as an effective strategy to reduce apostrophizes, gentle focus, create enjoin-on opportunites, subjoind subscriber line challenge and promotion. The right sizing contri excepte s to better decision- reservation and the control of human vision so that the cost of white plague can be cut short effectively. It develops a value constitution of proactive officiate culture where the members in the organisation get opportunity for better participation and familiarity in the decision making process. It develops an ownership mentality among members and they shoulder forward an organization with more collaboration, fidelity, and accuracy. According to Mishra and Spreitzer (1998) defines downsizing has be stimulate the strategy favored by many an(prenominal) organizations onrushing to cope with fundamental, structural alters in the world economy. Or Freeman and Cameron (1993) define downsizing as a set of activities, undertaken on the part of the management of an organization, designed to improve useable efficiency, productivity, and/or competitiveness. Downsizing as a deliberate simplification in size or complexness of a firms activities intended to impr ove the profitability, productivity, and/or competitiveness of the firms continuing operations(Legatski II, 1998). that in conclusion, most researches accommodate defined downsizing as any reduction in the size of the organization (e.g. Budros, 1999 Cascio, 1993 Freeman Cameron, 1993 Kozlowski, Chao, smith Hedlund, 1993). Downsizing, in general, refers to the reduction of pass water for certain organization. For employees, downsizing is considered as a management weapon to levy greater control over the manpower. To management, it is a strategic measure to bring optimized operation efficiency and productivity in organization. Cameron and colleagues (e.g Cameron et all., 1991, 1993 Cameron, 1994b) check identified trine organizational strategies to achieve downsizing workforce reduction strategy, work redesign and systematic switch over. The first strategy is workforce reduction is typically a short- margin strategy, which barely focuses on reducing organizations head count. In a confirmatory study, Mishra and Mishra (1994) found that such strategy might pull up stakes to loss in valued organizational competency or negative outcome of those who remains. Human resource is essential and is a factor that makes the decision for the festering of organizations. Lack of human resource will development workload, anxiety about losing their handicrafts at any time, and these shadeing leads to hazard psychological, these are reasons that cause labor productivity reduced. Work reduction is applied by organizations through whatsoever programs such as attrition, early hideaway or voluntary severance packages, layoffs and terminations. The second and third strategies are work redesign and systematic change strategies. sequence work reductions resulted is lead to reduction, rather than smashing, the work redesign and systematic change are positively related to organizational performance in term of both cost reduction and quality improvement (Cameron e t all.,1993 Mishra and Mishra, 1994) and to survivors ( lot who remains) of downsizing having a positive learning orientation (Farrell and Mavando, 2004).Many previous researches indicated that the use of workforce reduction is increasing and become popular despite the denigrative upholds may arise for organization. Workforce reduction or simply called workforce downsizing is becoming the most popular strategy and a plethora of workforce reduction strategies for downsizing of employees has been proposed (e.g. Greenhalgh et al., 1988 Gutchess, 1985 Leana Feldman, 1992 Price, 1990). Whenever reduce equipments, machines organizations can find out the outcome and its impact through primary calculations, but in workforce downsizing, the emotions, loyalty, and human effort can not simply calculate. In an organizational context, employees not only contribute their item-by-item skills and association, they alike collaborate and integrate their separate skills toward creating firm ca pabilities. As such, both human and social capital-and therefore the dedication and the loyalty of employees-play an important role in dictating a firms capacity to create competitive advantage. Reducing headcount may lead to immediate labor cost savings, but it can also seriously erode employee allegiance and loyalty, with negative consequences for firm competitiveness and performance.So the questions are what the impacts of workforce downsizing to organizations are, how it effectuate, and what the advantage and disadvantage of the impact are? Some researches indicated the opinion that organizational downsizing produce better result in performance and productivity, while, others indicate downsizing as a threat to the human resources and existing organizational culture. Downsizing has been defined as an attempt to subjoin organizational effectiveness(Kozlowsky, et. al. 1993). Freeman Cameron (1993) and Tomasco (1990) indicate from their findings that the presumed benefits of dow nsizing include faster decision making, greater flexibility, and improvements in quality and increase efficiency and productivity. Cascio (199397) suggested that proponents of downsizing generally expect the following benefits lower overheads, less bureaucracy, faster decision making, aerodynamic communications, greater entrepreneurship and increases in productivity. Downsizing can suggest to financial markets or government funding agencies that an organization is cutting costs and reducing waste, which may increase availability of capital for subsequent activities (Cascio, 1993 Dial Murphy, 1995 Palmon, fair weather Tang, 1997). Downsizing has been defined as an attempt to increase organizational effectiveness (Kozlowsky, et. al. 1993). It develops a value system of proactive work culture where the members in the organization get opportunity for better participation and involvement in the decision making process. It develops an ownership mentality among members and they shoulde r forward an organization with more collaboration, fidelity, and accuracy.However, many others strongly disagree with those arguments and indicate that it has devastating effect on human morale, motivation, and productivity. Downsizing may provide a decrease in operating expenses in the near term, but the long term impacts may not be so positive (Difrances, 2002). Downsizing can lead to a loss of knowledge and experience base because of some fixed off will be the people who worked for a long time with organization, old people, who may not rich person a fast and efficient action in work like young people, but they check extensive knowledge, experiences that young people learn in short time, loss available mentors for existing and new employees, loss of corporate culture, and downsizing can give birth direct impaction to the customers such as loss of established customer service and contacts.Therefore, whenever workforce downsizing is chosen by organizations in hard time or peacef ul time, there is definite and obvious impact good or bad on organizations. But in all the alter elements, the human factor is probably the most affected element. They are staffs of organization, they dedicated their soul to the development of organization, they are people who be laid off or people who lucky enough to keep their job. The individuals who lose their jobs (called victims) are obviously the most affected by downsizing. Numerous researchers have focused on the impact of downsizing on workers whose employment is terminated due to reasons independent of job competence (Cappelli, 1992). These individuals are often know as the victims of downsizing due to research that documents the devastation of job loss, focusing on negative consequences in footing of psychological and physical well-heing (e.g., Bennett, Martin, Bies, Brockner, 1995 Cappeili, 1992 Fallick, 1996 Leana Feldman, 1992). The real pains of downsizing cannot be minifyd. Careers change, families struggle, a nd downsized victims suffer loss of prestige, income and security. While a few downsized individuals may be victims of their own past inefficiency, the vast number are those who have performed well and played by the rules but have become the victims of a changing economic environment.However, several(prenominal) researchers have analyzed those who remain in the downsized organization called survivors (e.g., Allen, Freeman, Russell, Reizenstein, Rentz, 2001 Appelbaum Donia, 2001 Brockner, 1988a 1992 1995 Brockner, Grover, OMalley, Reed, Glynn, 1993 Cascio, 1993 Mollica Gray, 2001 Noer, 1993 ONeill Lenn, 1995 Shah, 2000). The survivors of downsizing are not the happy campers, appreciative to have their jobs, but rather that surviving is so difficult that continuing employees experience higher levels of focussing than displaced employees (Collins-Nakai, Devine, Stainton Reay, 2003). The downsizing has more effect on the psychological boil down that exists in between management and workers within the organization. Many researches reported that it would develop stagnation, deterioration, low morale, low trust and productivity. The timidity and anxiety of the retainers of the organization is more, as there is more uncertainty and jeopardy feeling among them. This is called as survivors syndrome.Definition of survivor syndromeThe literature suggests a condition referred to as survivor syndrome, or a set of attitudes, feelings and perceptions that occur in employees who remain in organizational systems following involuntary employee reductions (Collins-Nakai, Devine, Stainton Reay, 2003 p.109-110). Survivor syndrome is defined by some human resource professionals as being the mixed bag of behaviors and emotions often exhibited by be employees following an organizational downsizing (Appelbaum, occlude Klasa, 1999 p.424-436). Survivor syndrome has become known as the emotional and attitudinal characteristics of those who have survived from a downsizing (M oss earner et al., 2000 Iverson and Pullman, 2000 Allen et al., 2001). The emotional responses of individually survivor are different.There are not many previous researches confirmed the positive response for survivor when downsizing occurs, some note that concentrating on core operational competencies can reduce redundant management layers and increase the speed of decision-making (DeWitt, 1993 Tomasko, 1989), somes even suggest that fear of termination may increase individual effort among employees who wish to retain their jobs (Kraft, 1991). A few active survivors feel themselves so lucky because they tranquil have their job, survivors may work more hours without compensation to help the organization through the transition. They believe that they kinda understand the difficulties as well as the main reasons why organizations choose to apply downsizing strategy, they are willing to stick with organization for a long time and continue add their efforts to the development of or ganizations. turnabout to a few positive responses, a stream of research, both laboratory and field, has provided a lot of evidences of the harmful effects downsizing can have on survivors, these effects have been described in terms of lower morale (e.g., Armstrong-Stassen, 1993), high stress (e.g., Leana and Feldman, 1992), and anger, envy, and guilt (e.g., Noer, 1993). According to Collins-Nakai, Devine, Stainton Reay (2003) consistent with the terminology of a syndrome, this accumulation of symptoms includes anger, depression, fear, distrust, and guilt, or Baruch and Hind (2000) indicates that survivors exhibit a plethora of problems, such as de motivation, cynicism, insecurity, demoralization and a of import decline in organizational cargo. Termination of co-workers may lead to perceptions of organizational injustice and distrust of carrousel management (e.g. Brockner Greenberg, 1990 Mishra Spreitzer, 1998 Noer, 1998).A lot of research shows that in case of downsizing, t he organization breaks the implicit psychological amaze between employer and employee-a contract that implies lifetime employment in return for hard work and loyalty. As a result, the feeling of dependency that may have evolved into entitlement is transformed into a sense of lese majesty. Downsizing survivors often unmatched about management and spend their times to observe the intention of management after downsizing occurs they have greater concern on their future with the organization. It leads to stress and strain among members in the organization it affects their abutting attempt and the willing to hold on with the organizations. With survivors, organization may thinks they are lucky, but in the reality of many people, their emotions are anger, loneliness, feel lost in broken team work because of missing their colleages, they do not feel confident enough for work due to their wondering about their job. Downsizing occurs that means organization is leftfield with fewer emplo yees who are expected to put in their best effort in a fashion that enhances organizational productivity (Kets de Vries Balazs 1997). They are the ones who organization put their faith in expect long term commitment, but with fews people, it may lead to workload, role conflict, and role ambiguity tend to be high among the remaining staff after downsizing (Hellgren et al. 2005 Parker et al. 1997 Tombaugh White 1990). Workload reflects the perception of having too much work to do in the time available (Beehr, Walsh Taber 1976). Workgroup membership changes also may be associated with the loss of important organizational knowledge (Fisher White, 2000). Role conflict concerns the experience of having to deal with conflicting terms, instructions, and demands in the work environment (Rizzo, dramatic art Lirtzman 1970). Role ambiguity relates to the individuals experience of not knowing what is expected of her at work (Caplan 1971). Beside that, survivors may visual modality downsi zing as a threat to their job security, an indication of poor organizational performance, or a symptom of unfair management behavior. Survivors may also develop negative feelings toward the organization, as well as perceiving that organizational goals are difficult to achieve. According to Isabella (1989) has noted that while organizations are usually prepared to join forces the needs of those being laid off, they are often unprepared for the strong emotions, lengthy adjustment periods, weakened morale and lower productivity often experienced and expressed by survivors. Managers may expect survivors not only to be grateful they were spared and to forgive what happened to their friends, but also to put their feelings aside and work harder. But the reality is not that, a bag of survivor behaviors or called survivors syndrome has always existed, it is like a contract between employees and organizations, the contract gives survivors psychological control over their work environment, w hich lets them freely invest themselves in care for customers.TrustGranovetter (1985) and Lewis and Weigert (1985) define trust as a willingness to be vulnerable to others, found on the forward belief that those others are trustworthy. Another definition of trust is offered by Mayer, Davis and Schoorman (1995), who proposed that trust is the willingness of a party to be vulnerable to the actions of another party based on the expectation that the other will perform a particular action important to the trustor, irrespective of the ability to monitor or control that other party. Or according to Mishra Spreitzer (1998) trust is related to psychological contracts since trust is the expectation of a future action based on the action in the past by observing the rules of behaviors in relationships. If these expectations are not met, the expecter becomes hopeless, foil and will lose confidence, distrust will appear instead of trust (Robinson, Kraatz Rousseau, 1994). The trust is an es sential part of managing people and building a high performance, productivity organization. Trust is the foundation of all relationship from fall to bottom in the organization. If employees believe in their manager, their organization, this relationship will always help to create good working conditions, employees are willing to stand up for their organization at any situations, they will course want to do a good things, contribute their best effort for the success of their organization. Conversely, if there is no trust between employees and managers, employees will have negative actions, will not devote their energy to the development of their organization, the relationship is broken.Downsizing organizations appear to suffer a deterioration of trust (Buch Aldridge, 1991 Cascio, 1993) and an increase in fear (Buch et al., 1991). The occuring of downsizing makes employees feel uncertain about organization, stress the responses tends to score lower in problem solving, creative sen timent and the ability to learn new skills, uncertainty and anxiety reduces the focus of work. Trust between employees and organization also reduced because downsizing is usually a headful though of managers, they need along time for making the decision, but with employees, downsizing is just a sudden result, sometimes they do not have a find out to prepare or may not believe that they will be the one who be laid off. According to ONeill Lenn (1995), survivors who believe that management is competent and reliable, may view downsizing as less ill because they believe that the managers will keep their promise, be honest v open vi what is exit on with their employees. Trust is instrumental in overcoming resistance to change, for it shapes how individuals interpret the implementation process (Kotter Schlesinger, 1979). If they have trust, survivors are willing think that all the things that organization do, have a reason, it is a good thing for them, for organization, downsizing ju st helps organization stand in difficult time as well as creating opportunities for employees in the future. In other words, trust in top management minimizes the categorization of threat by serving survivors to understand and believe in managements intentions and expected behavior. If they do not have trust, survivors wil have negative thinking such as the decision of manager is wrong, or managers put their personal interests above the interests of employees. Without trust, employees are apparent to feel menace by downsizing, leading to resistance and retaliation, rather than the constructive cooperation that is necessary to facilitate deep change (Quinn, 1996).CommitmentThere are a lot of definitions about employee commitment such as A force that stabilizes individual behavior under circumstances where the individual would otherwise be tempted to change that behavior (Brickman, 1987), or The relative strength of an individuals identification with and involvement in a particular organization (Mowday et al, 1979) or simply A psychological state that binds the individual to the organization (Allen Meyer, 1990). Commitment is loyalty to the organization. A loyal employee identifies with an organization and is involved in being an employee of that organization (Price Mueller, 1986). Committed employees feel that there is a tight string between them and the organization, which, in the positive form, makes them more willing to perform their job. Organizational commitment is the driving force behind an organizations performance (Suliman and Iles, 2000, p. 408). The multidimensional approach poses that organization commitment is influenced by three constructs emotional attachment (affective commitment), perceived costs (continuance commitment) and moral obligation (normative commitment) (Allen and Meyer, 1990). Affective commitment is mean that employees chit with organization because they want to, they believes in organization and feel it like their home. Norm ative commitment is mean that employees keep with organization because they feel obligated to continuew to work for many different reasons and purposes. Continuance commitment is mean that employees stay with the organization because cost of giving up the job is too high for them. (European Motivation-Index.com). It has also been proposed that different types of commitment can have different effects on behaviors and attitudes (Iles et al., 1990). For example, continuance commitment can have unwholesome effects on job satisfaction compared to the beneficial effects of affective commitment (Suliman and Iles, 2000). Affective commitment has been shown to be the best predictor of intention to leave (Stallworth, 2004) and found to be more important than job satisfaction in determining service quality of customer-contact employees (Malhotra and Mukherjee, 2004).It can be seen that in human resource management process, organizations should pay charge to the affect commitment group becau se these people will add value, increase productivity and quality to the organization, but they also be the most affected by downsizing, or in other word maintaining a high level of employees affective commitment to the organization is assumed to be a critical factor for successful downsizing, but downsizing tends to reduce employees affective commitment to the organization (Lee Jaewon, 2002). According to many research about employee commitment, in downsizing context, employees commitment to an organization is challenged. Moreover, commitment has been shown to positively influence other variables related to survivor syndrome, such as job satisfaction (Liou, 1995 Fletcher and Williams, 1996 Mowday et al., 1974 Wong et al., 1995 Vandenberg and Lance, 1992), performance (Hartmann and Bambacas, 2000) and perceived organizational support (Eisenberger et al., 2001). A negative relationship has been shown for absenteeism (Iverson and Deery, 2001 Metcalfe and Dick, 2000) and turnover inten tion (Schnake and Dumler, 2000)StressAccording to Casico Wynn (2004) verbalise that the downsizing create a breach of an unwritten rules that constitute the psychological contract between employer and employee leads to a rise in stress and a decrease in satisfaction, commitment, intention to stay and perceptions of an organizations trustworthiness, honesty, and caring about its employees. Stress has been defined as a stimulus, a response, or the result of an fundamental interaction between the two, with the interaction described in terms of some derangement between the person and the environment (Cooper, Dewe ODriscoll, 2001). When downsizing occurs, like the victims, the survivors often lose control over their employment status and work situation. Survivors often feel dotty and overwhelmed by the sudden disruption of the workplace, similar to people who be laid off, survivors also have feelings of betrayal and fury when downsizing occurs. Research also indicates that other str essful characteristics tend to emerge when work has to be carried out by fewer employees (Hellgren Sverke 2001 Hopkins Weathington 2006 Pfeffer 1998). The lack of people to work become overwhelmed, constant anxiety because of imbalance as well as job lossed can be happened anytime that creates stress to survivors.Employee stress can take many forms and real impact on both employees and organizations it can manifest as anxiety, irritability, dependency, depression and it results in reduced productivity, employee burnout, absenteeism (Valueoption.com). It has been suggested that layoff survivors experience stress that is as great, or even greater than, the stress felt by those who have been laid off (Kaufman 1982).Job insecurityJob insecurity is the exact opposite of job security, is defined as the perceived powerlessness to maintain desired continuity in a threatened job situation by Greenhalgh and Rosenblatt (1984). Job insecurity represents one of the most frequently investigat ed stressors in the context of organizational change and downsizing (e.g., De Witte 1999 Sverke/Hellgren 2002). The string sticks employees with organizion is job, in other word, any organization keeps their employees by meet job with many opportunities to learn, to develop, and above all of them, the job has to be durable and security. When downsizing occurs, survivors feel like the promise of organization has broken down, they see their colleagues lose their job and they fear of losing their jobs at anytime, fear of derangement of income, loss of status or self esteem. They believe that their work will no longer be safe, if the organization was willing to let the employees go in the past, they would be willing to do it again in the future. Job insecurity leads to dissatisfaction, people intent to leave the organization and come to a safer place it also leads to greater absenteeism, higher turnovers and disability claims (Boroson and Burgess, 1992 Koco. 1996 Mishra and Spreitzer. 1998 Tombaugh and White. 1990).Previous studies such as Moore, Grunberg Greenberg (2006) Ashford, Lee Bobko (1989) Brockner et al. (1992) or Hellgren Sverke (2003) have cogitate that job insecurity are related with organizational downsizing both in short and long term perspective and the worried about future job loss is associated with impaired work attitudes and well-being. Theorists have emphasized that job insecurity is a multidimensional phenomenon (Ashford, Lee Bobko, 1989 Greenhalgh Rosenblatt, 1984 Jacobson, 1991). The first dimension, called severity of threat, consists of the range of work features at risk, the valence of these features, probabilities of losing each feature, and the number of sources of threat. The second dimension is perceived powerlessness, or ones ability to suffice to risks. Job insecurity can also be thought of in terms of expectancy (i.e. probability of loss) and valence (i.e. value of job features) from expectancy theory (Jacobson, 1991). Jo b insecurity is a broad concept, including threats to any desired work features including opportunities for career development or wages. perceptions of job insecurity also can be considered as stress inducing, so reports of worry and stress are sometimes used as proxies for perception of job insecurity. Results showed that perceived job insecurity increased over time as layoffs unfolded but no new information arrived. Job insecurity was lowest among those employees who had no contact with workforce downsizing, with higher insecurity among those who had friends or co-workers laid off, and the highest insecurity among those who had been warned that they would be laid off or who had been laid off and then(prenominal) rehired.HypothesisMany organization managers apply workforce downsizing strategy for their organization, often focus their attention and effort for those employees who be laid off and pay little attention to those who remain with organizationAs the large bank in Vietnam, VietinBank is also applying workforce downsizing like many other organizations to shoot down the current difficulties. Get to know the survivors syndrome is very important not only for VietinBank but also for many other organizations. The future of the organization can be at stake if these warning signs take hold and start to have a long-term effect. Organizations that understand and combat the causes of survivor syndrome at an early make up have a far better chance of weathering the storm and moving forward after the period of unsettling change.Based on the previous studies, in the scope of this research, researcher would like to find out the impact of workforce downsizing to the behavior such as trust, commitment, and stress and job insecurity of Vietinbanks staffs to see how they were affected by downsizing and which elements of fours will be the most impacted by downsizing. Through this research, researcher hopes to put some help for VietinBank managers in order to have a bett er understanding about their employees so that they can looking for an appropriate direction as well as specific plan to minimize the harmful impacted may arises from downsizing.Based on the above theory discussion, the Hypothesis is formulated as following(H1) There is a significant relationship between downsizing and VietinBank survivors trust.(H2) There is a significant relationship between downsizing and VietinBank survivors stress.(H3) There is a significant relationship between downsizing and VietinBank survivors commitment.(H4) There is a significant relationship between downsizing and VietinBank survivors job insecurity.(H5) There is a survivors symptom that be strongest impacted by downsizing in VietinBankChapter SummaryThrough out the chapter, researcher give a deeped review of previous research on downsizing and its impacted on survivors. There are many different opinions about the effects of downsizing on organizations, somes indicated that downsizing is an effective str atefy for organization, which may lead to increase innovation, human resource focusing. However, numerous previous studies have concluded that there are adverse effects of downsizing on organizations, especially for survivors, who is considered to be lucky one for remaining their job. Previous researchs have come up with a term survivors syndrome to describe the behaviors or attitudes of survivors during and after the workforce downsizing occurs. And by understanding the attitudes, emotions and viewpoints of the survivors, a clear perspective on the true short and long term benefits, gains or losses of downsizing for corporations can be derived. Even in early survivor syndrome literature there was some evidence that effective management of downsizing can control for negative effects on the survivors (Brockner, 1990 Brockner et al., 1992)The next section of the research studied further the impact of downsizing on trust, stress, commitment and job insecurity of VietinBanks survivors. This research enables better understanding about the perspective and behavior of VietinBanks survivor when downsizing situation occurs.